ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effects of hepatitis B virus X (HBx) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferation, invasion, and sorafenib resistance.Methods:HepG2 cell line infected with HBx ORF lentivirus was set as the HBx high expression group and infected with empty vector was set as the negative control group. The interference group was infected with the HBx siRNA virus based on the HBx high expression group to reduce HBx expression. Interference control group as interference group but with infected empty vector virus. Western blotting was used to measure the protein level of HBx. Cell proliferation, invasion ability, and sorafenib semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of HCC cells under different HBx expression levels were respectively detected by cell proliferation assay kit, Transwell invasion assay, and cell titer-glo kit.Results:Western blotting showed that the stable cell lines were successfully established. Cell proliferation of the HBx high expression group was better than that of the blank control and negative control groups, and the cell proliferation of the interference group was lower than that of the interference control and HBx high expression groups, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05). The number of cells crossing Matrigel gel was (46.2±4.1), (50.7±5.1) and (48.2±5.2) in the blank control group, negative control group, and interference group, respectively. The number of cells crossing Matrigel gel in the HBx high expression group (124.2±8.3) and the interference control group (117.2±7.5) were higher than the above three groups, respectively, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05). The IC50 of cells in the HBx high expression group and the interference control group were (5.36±0.31) μmol/L and (5.48±0.20) μmol/L, respectively, which were higher than those in the blank control group, the negative control group, and the interference group (4.75±0.22) μmol/L, (4.60±0.14) μmol/L and (3.98±0.03) μmol/L. The differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:HBx promoted the tumor proliferation and invasion of HepG2 HCC cells, enhanced the ability to sorafenib resistance, and inhibited apoptosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the CT manifestation and clinical characteristics of appendiceal mucinous tumor for improving the diagnostic and therapeutic level. Methods The CT and clinical data of 7 patients with appendiceal mucinous tumor verified by histopathology were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 7 cases, mucinous cystadenomas was in 6 cases, and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was in 1 case. One case had no obvious discomfort;3 cases visited because of pain on right hypogastrium and fever;3 cases had the medical history ofchronic appendicitis, among whom 2 cases had the mass on right hypogastrium which had existed for 1 day or 2 years. The unenhanced CT showed that all of 7 cases had the cystic tumors on right hypogastrium near the cecum, and the maximum traverse diameter was 25-208 (67 ± 27) mm. The cyst walls of mucinous cystadenoma in 6 cases were flimsy, symmetrical, 2.3-3.5 mm thickness and smooth. Three cases had cyst walls calcification; the cyst wall of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was thick and asymmetrical, and the thickness of cyst wall was 3.5-5.7 mm. Small nodes could be found inside the walls. 7 cases had much mucilage, with CT value 14.0-33.5 HU. Four cases had slight septa. The enhanced CT showed that the cyst walls of mucinous cystadenoma in 6 cases were mild to moderate continuous enhancement during venous phase; the cyst wall and nodes mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was obvious and continuous enhancement. Four cases showed clear boundary, while 3 cases accompanied with acute inflammation showed dim edge. The enlargement of lymphatic nodes could be seen near mesentery in 1 case. All the 7 cases were treated by surgical treatment. One patient who survived after 26 months showed the metastasis of peritoneal pseudomyxoma after 20 months. The 6 patients with mucinous cystadenoma were followed up for 18 - 36 months, they did not had metastasis or recurrence by CT review. Conclusions Appendiceal mucinous tumor is often short of characteristic in clinical symptom and physical sign, but has favourable prognosis. CT is a vital tool for its diagnosis and identification.